A Phenomenal Woman- essays

A Phenomenal Woman- essays Maya Angelou, born, Marguerite Johnson, was sent along with her brother to live with their grandmother in Stamps, Arkansas, when her parents were divorced. Growing up, she learned what it was to be a black girl in a world whose boundaries were set by whites: As a child she always dreamed of waking to find her nappy black hair metamorphosed to a long blonde bob because she felt life was better for a white girl than for a black girl (Rigney 45). Despite the odds, her grandmother instilled pride in young Marguerite, with religion as an important element in their home. After five years of being apart from their mother, Marguerite and her brother, Bailey, were sent back to Saint-Louis to be with their mother. This move would change Angelou's life dramatically. While living in Saint Louis, she was raped by her mothers boyfriend. After which she confided in her brother what had happened, and soon the person was found dead. Young Marguerite believed her voice had killed him this caused her to become mute for nearly five years. Her dysfunctional childhood spent moving back and forth between her mother and grandmother caused her to struggle with maturity. She became determined to prove she was a woman and began to rush toward maturity. Because of her past, Maya Angelou went on to be an inspiration to men and women across the nation. She has the unique ability to challenge the divisions of race and class throughout her books of poetry and her autobiographies. Angelou is probably the most widely recognized figure of a poet in contemporary U.S. culture. Her work is found on television, in the movies, on the radio, in print, on the Internet, and at the 1993 presidential inauguration. Given this extraordinary career, she also serves as an exemplary figure to women undergoing many difficulties related to domestic violence and sexual abuse. She has been through what they are encountering, and she offers an...

Offshore Outsourcing Essays

Offshore Outsourcing Essays Offshore Outsourcing Essay Offshore Outsourcing Essay The American Electronics Associations reports that 560,000 IT Jobs were lost in calendar year 2001 and 2002, roughly 10 of the total Information Technology work force and the numbers are growing. More overly, 30 of all new Information Technology work for U. S. Companies is now done abroad, mostly in India. In the U. S. , the average salary is around 50,000 for an average Information Technology worker, though overseas its very different. Conversely, the salary of an Information Technology worker in India is a fraction of the cost and triple revenue. As a result many small and mid-sized companies alike are sending their Information Technology work offshore, so that they can reduce operating costs. Statement of the Problem This study explores Offshore IT Outsourcing by U. S. Companies. Within the study, information will be provided on the details of Offshore IT Outsourcing including the advantages and disadvantages. It also evaluates different strategies for offshore Information Technology Outsourcing that could benefit both U. S. Employees and employers. This study utilized qualitative information provided by a number of agencies that monitor and track on the performance of Offshore Outsourcing. Within this study, library resources include electronic and computer database searches. As we move toward a purely global economy, many U. S. Companies look for opportunities to gain a competitive edge. Offshore Outsourcing appears to be the answer. Offshore outsourcing is the consumed. Executives of many U. S. Reparations feel that the only way they can remain competitive is to rapidly reduce their operating costs thereby increasing their profit margins. Finding cheaper sources of labor is one way to reduce operating costs. Unfortunately, these sources usually reside outside of the United States. Offshore Outsourcing is no longer the wave of the future it is the current direction most businesses in virtually every industry are focused. While companies are rewarded for reducing their costs, it has resulted in the displacement of a large percentage of U. S. Technical workers, skilled and with specialized training. Main Research Question The main research question is What is The Impact of Outsourcing Information Technology Information Technology Offshore Sub-Research Questions The sub-questions are What is Information Technology Offshore Outsourcing What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Information Technology Offshore Outsourcing How can employees and employers benefit from Information Technology Offshore Outsourcing Significance of the Study This study is important due to the following implications of the American economy Economic Implications, which include Increase in unemployment and underemployment rates and as a exult of displaced employees. Reduction in domestic investment because work is sent to other countries. Ultimate dependency on other countries to provide highly skilled technical resources. Political Implications, which include Unemployment is a major political issue. Politicians often use this issue for re-election purposes. Many politicians are afraid that they will be voted out if they support sending Jobs offshore. Party Politics Debating The issue of party politics is ongoing. The two major parties (Republicans Democrats) are heavily debating over who cares the least about the employed and underemployed. Social Implications, which include Reduction in the need for local technical expertise. Students will be diverted from these areas of education resulting in a lack of knowledge and advancement in education in the information technology field. Increase in the number of corporations leaders that show more interest in the bottom line versus the welfare of their employees. The content of this study will address the advantages and disadvantages of offshore Information Technology Outsourcing and the impact it is having on our economy and the workforce. Research Design and Methodology This study utilized qualitative information provided by a number of internet Journal articles that report on other studies that monitor and track the performance of Offshore Outsourcing. Within this study, library resources include electronic and computer database searches. The mission of this research project is to inform others on the activities and use of Offshore Information Technology Outsourcing. Understanding should be gained from the answers of the three sub-questions related to the main research question on Offshore Information Technology Outsourcing. Resources such as reading existing literature, work experiences, and economical and global perspectives allowed the researcher to form a personal perspective, conclusion, and recommend solutions. A number of recent articles were referenced to provide information on how offshore outsourcing is being conducted by businesses across the United States. Results from other studies on offshore outsourcing were reviewed to understand the feedback of companies. Lastly, personal experience in working with Offshore Outsourcing team was relied upon to support the results collected from literature reviews. Offshore Outsourcing is no longer the wave of the future it is the current direction most businesses in virtually every industry are focused. Many companies using offshore outsourcing have reported that they have experienced at least a 30 to 40 cost savings as a direct result of offshore outsourcing. When offshore outsourcing first became a trend, it resulted in the displacement of a large percentage of U. S. Workers, skilled and unskilled. As offshore outsourcing evolves, leaders of organizations are learning to leverage their offshore resources while transitioning their current employees to work on corporate opportunities in the business strategy that concentrates on market growth. Corporations use offshore companies to perform tasks that have been refined onshore, and they try to redirect their freed up staff toward new targeted areas. As a result corporations profits intention to rise without a reduction of workforce. This has shown to help companies to grow tremendously as they find ways to uncover new opportunities that allow them to expand into different markets. The phrase used to describe this use of offshore resources is termed transformational outsourcing. Many executives are discovering how offshore outsourcing can be focused on corporate growth, finding better ways to use skilled U. S. Staff, and creating new Jobs in the U. S. , not Just cheap wages in other countries. One executive stated, True, the labor savings from global rouging can still be substantial. But its peanuts compared to the enormous gains in efficiency, productivity, quality, and revenues that can be achieved by fully leveraging offshore talent. One example in the use of transformational outsourcing is the organization, Chapman. The company turned around its dying businesses and accelerated its pace of innovation by using offshore resources to reduce cost and applying those cost savings to fund development projects that otherwise would have been unaffordable. As part of its turnaround strategy, the president of engineering revives shifted some design work to its 160-engineer center in Achaean, India. By having U. S. ND Indian designers collaborate 24 hours a day / and 7 days a week, they projected that they would slash development costs and time and win orders often missed due to engineering constraints. This article provided examples on how transformational outsourcing works very well in every industry with exception of Information Technology offshore outsourcing. The reason is probably because when Information Technology offshore outsourcing is implemented, in most cases it completely replaces all functions that are performed by U. S. Information Technology Staff and moves the processes, staff and environments offshore. It is similar to buying a complete Information Technology solution with integration only between the offshore service provider and the business customer. The type of Information Technology work sent offshore includes, but is not limited to network and security administration, application development and implementation and helpless purport and research and development of software products. Countries that are renowned for having inexpensive technical specialties in these areas are India, and most recently the Philippines and China. These countries state that they have the worlds highest technically skilled human resource base. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of using Offshore Information Technology Outsourcing While opposing sides of Information Technology Offshore Outsourcing debate on lower operating costs experienced by company owners versus unemployment experienced y their employees, there are other major pros and cons as detailed in the next sections. Advantages of using Offshore Information Technology Outsourcing Overseas Innovation The Faux Study put on by Duke University in collaboration with consulting firm Bozo Allen Hamilton contained results from a survey of 537 companies in the U. S. And Europe. The study key finding was that one of the major reasons for offspring Information Technology is due to the difficulty in finding tech talent in the United States. The 2004 survey showed results of less than 40 percent of Impasses cited access to qualified personnel and the number increased to 70 percent in 2005. It is believed that the reduction in technical talent is a result of the sharp cut in temporary work visas and declining enrollments in U. S. Science and engineering programs, especially at the masters and doctorate levels. The issue no longer is cost but availability of talent. The data is very clear on this, stated Rare Lenin, a Duke Business professor who led the Faux study. A significant talent gap has risen between 1995 and 2006, and thats a problem for companies that depend on engineering talent. 4 Hours a day and 7 Days a Week Access Multinationals corporations that need operations going 24 hours a day and 7 days a week have found it advantageous for strategic reasons to outsource offshore. They have found that by sending Information Technology Development offshore they can shrink product-development times by working 2417 using tech centers around the world. They have also found that it is easier to provide 2417 helpless support. Refocus Employees on Core Competencies of the Organization Technical Managers have reported that they feel there are more than enough technical opportunities in the United States and that many of the companies mainly are going abroad to free up their employees to work on the organizations core competencies. They conclude that there is a major qualitative difference between technologist in the U. S. And in developing nations. Consequently, they are sending routine work offshore and freeing up their employees to work on such things as research, conceptual design, customer interactions, or business analysis. Disadvantages of using Offshore Information Technology Outsourcing Breaches in Mallard Security Mark Willoughby, tutor of the Hidden Mallard in Offshore Products Raises Concerns says that currently, the United States National Security Agency is spending millions of dollars to have potential mallard code that has been developed offshore in a global software marketplace thoroughly regulated. By definition, mallard code is similar to a virus that has been hidden within layers of modules and complex applications for the purpose of creating backdoor to other more sensitive data Mallard is a problem that the offshore outsourcing companies are facing with the software that is coming o America. According to Willoughby in 2003, the threat of hidden Trojan horses and back doors surfaced when the government of the U. S. Announced plans to strengthen national security policies covering information processed by applications written in the global software marketplace The National Security Agencys information assurance director, Daniel Wolf, in testimony before the House Select Committee on Homeland Security cyber security subcommittee, called for a federal lab that would find malicious software routines that are designed to morph and burrow into critical applications Mallard is interlinked with outsourcing, because of their products produced are sometimes are infected by these viruses when they enter into the U. S. Borders and that is definitely a disadvantage. The United States needs to seriously re-evaluate the laws around offshore outsourcing. Other countries have placed limits around the use of offshore outsourcing. For instance, the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China in August of 2003 directed all government ministries to buy only Chinese software in the next upgrade cycle in an effort to not only encourage the development of local software companies but also to protect sensitive government data China should serve as an example for the United States to tighten limits around offshore outsourcing to improve its economy and strengthen national security. Breaches in Data Privacy In addition to breaches in security that result from mallard, privacy of data is also at risk. Earlier this year, a report circled the globe concerning confidential customer data that had been stolen and used to conduct fraud. Police in Bangor, India, reported the arrest of the chief suspect in the theft f funds from a score of customers of HISS bank in the I-J. The suspect is being charged in India with stealing customer data that was sent to his accomplices in the I-J. As a result funds were withdrawn from customers HISS bank accounts. It was later learned that a proper background check before allowing the suspect to access customer data was not performed. Standards of privacy are often neglected in countries like India because its a close-knit society where, say, reading someone else e-mail wouldnt be considered much of an invasion. In 2005, police in India

Rifa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rifa - Essay Example Key Words financial terms, jargons, financial methods and techniques Discussion a) Jonny 1) According to Turner’s 2004 report, pension crisis is caused by two major factors. These are the downturn in financial markets and unpredicted improvement in longevity (Whitaker 1997, pg. 16). Of course there are other factors as well, but these two elements have the biggest role to play in anybody’s descent into pension crisis. Bill Murray should therefore watch them closely if he wants to avoid being caught up in the cobweb that is pension crisis. 2) A money purchase scheme is a variation of defined contribution pension schemes (Hearn 2004, pg. 32). It is normally created by employers as a pool from which they can pay their retired employees income. Despite the employer sponsoring it, it is managed by a board of trustees (with the only exception being public sector schemes). The Trustees are in charge of paying death and retirement benefits. The amount of income payable depends on the amount of contributions made to the scheme by an employer or member, the performance of investment funds and the annuity rate at the time one is retiring. 3) Jonny is not too young to think about pension schemes. In fact, at the age of 30, he should be ready to start putting money in a pension scheme. The reason for this is that he has 30 years or less of gainful employment, after which he will retire. Contributing consistently for 30 years in any pension scheme (especially a money-purchase scheme) is enough to sustain him for possibly the rest of his life. Pension Crisis Pension is a contract made in a regular basis to a person with a fixed sum on the retirement from service (Rein & Schma?hl 2004, pg. 69). Pension crisis can be defined as the predictable difficulty found in the payment for the federal, corporate and the state pensions in Europe caused by the difference between resources and the pension obligations used in funding them. Causes of Pension Crisis Underfunded Pe nsion Plan Pension funds have to maintain a funding status or the assets value to liabilities in order to be able to afford the retirement benefits for their employees. An underfunded pension plan has fewer assets used to afford its liabilities. This is mainly caused by mismanagement as the pension schemes rely on the amount of cash being contributed from the sponsor which can be an employer (Rein & Schma?hl 2004, pg. 71). This management has a negative impact to the employees because there pension money has not been well handled. Shifting Demographics have also led to the lower ratio of workers per retiree. These are caused by the number of people retiring thereby causing employers to spend a lot of money on them compared to the profit gain of the company. The lower birth rates are also seen as a major factor as it leads to the decreasing labor force that is the number of workers. Money Purchase Scheme A money purchase scheme includes stakeholder and other occupational pension plan s among others (Rein & Schma?hl 2004, pg. 73). Its benefits depend on contributions to the pension fund and also the investment of the assets placed which can be positive or negative. When one retires the amount of money depending on the two factors is what will lead to the income one will get on retirement. Money

Management and leadership Development Coursework

Management and leadership Development - Coursework Example Just like, organisation leaders, national leaders need to understand the role and responsibilities of effective managers. The need to understand some of the most essential concepts in leadership and management by professionals and business executives is facilitated by the changing nature of market and market dynamic in modern society (Day2001, p. 613). The need to cope with the current competition in local and international markets has as well enhanced the increased the demand of the knowledge on leadership and management (Cromwell & Kolb 2004, p. 471, Day, 2001, p. 91). At present, there are numerous researches that have been undertaken to understand some of the most complicated concepts of leadership and management development (Bass, 1999, p.31). However, researchers have universally defined the concepts leadership and management development as broad activities that facilitate and support one’s ability to lead and manage other people and professionals in a specified social s etting (Leithwood, Karen, Stephen and Kyla, 2010, p. 91, Reed, 2005, p. 163). In a good number of organisational structures, the interaction between leaders and managers has played a very essential role in their productivity and expansion (Collier, & Esteban, 2000, p.207, Palus & Horth, 2004, p439). Many researchers have attributed the development and expansion of most of the modern global corporations and institutions with effective interaction between leadership and management in their management and operations (Chappelow, 2004, p.81, Conger 1999, 179, Dering 1998, p. 32). As defined, managers in organisations are professionals who have the responsibility and ability of managing the organization through controlling all production processes. Managers have the responsibility of ensuring that, all activities and operations in an organisation are effectively managed and controlled (Martineau 2007, P.23, Procter 2002, p. 27). On the other hand, leadership is described as ability and sk ills of setting attainable goals in reference to the organisation goals and objectives. Leaders in any organization should therefore have the ability of communicating the set goals to others employees in a way that would enhance harmonious and voluntary teamwork in order to accomplish the established objectives and goals (Sankar 2003, p.45). To succeed in modern complicated corporate market, any organization ought to have effective and well-qualified managers and leaders. In any organisation, a manager has the responsibility of controlling, leading, organising and planning the organisation activities (Lukas, Holmes, 2007, p. 91). Therefore, some scholars have defined management as activities and functions that determine the manner in which organisation technical, human, informational and physical resources are coordinated and arranged to perform a specified responsibility that is designed to benefit the organization. Moreover, an effective leadership implies that, a qualified manage r must have the ability of influencing critical process and operations in an organisation. Leaders in an organization should be focused on facilitating creation of systems, methods and strategies for building capacities and knowledge (Burns, 1978, p. 17). Although leadership and management development are used interchangeably, some scholars have identified very specific differences between leadershi

Case assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case assignment - Essay Example We anticipate this norm by concluding that Michael Dellmon had a clear and succinct vision while starting his company. The characters of effective planning are evident in that Michael decided to avail developed strategies that he would complete by pursuing a low cost/price strategy. While availing the aspect of organizing the structure and management of a given companies the superior body requires to deal with human resources, finance and establishment of strategic priority within the organization. Contrary to management organization, a given entity needs to ensure that aspects like specialization, and division of work is done effectively and substantially so that certain goals are delivered professionally and within stipulated timeframe. The achievement established within Michael Computer Company is evident especially articulating that Michael decided to start his business with a small group of workers. ... Through Michael vision, we realized that for him to grow his business well, he would require to use cheap labor by outsourcing the manufacture of various parts of the computer to countries where there were highly skilled workers but they did not demand high wages. As the business grew, he developed a structure that described the various tasks and reporting relationships between the workers in the organization. Friend-Z’s management scenario Global producer’s works based on accepting lower profit margins that in turn increases competitive pressures that more so, leads to high production value added solution. However, in consideration of Friend-Z’s management we will anticipate various advantages and disadvantages of employing global competition norm. One of the advantages includes the rise of production level, provision of skilled labor that leads to effective services and products delivery and acquisition of customer’s preferences articulations. However, g lobal competition may lead to straining of economies of sales and high capital use setting up diverse and effective management to avail services on time and within customer’s preferences. The above articulated disadvantages and advantages are among the issue that Friends Z’s company looks forward to meet in its business processes. Moreover, for the Friends Z’s to go global in terms business growth and especially doing business in foreign country, political stability, history of business, market analysis, social services and preferences behaviors are some of the environmental factors that needs to be given priorities and looked upon. To become more successful, Friends Z’s needs to avail joint venture strategy since it become

Living in Germany Around 1941 Essay Example for Free

Living in Germany Around 1941 Essay A) Explain why the invasion of the USSR changed the lives of those living in Germany around 1941-42. (12 Marks) The invasion of the USSR in the summer months was that of great confidence and assertiveness that they were on the ‘front foot’ from the German people. During these summer months, the Russians had been pushed back by the Germans to what many thought of as the core of the USSR; Russia. Obviously when the Germans had advanced 20 miles short of the central of the most powerful enemy they’ve faced yet, the German people had a right to be happy with their recent progress in the war. This changed their lives by giving them more confidence in that they felt they could defeat the Russians as they were pushing them back towards the capital. However, after the winter set in the attitude of the German people to the progress being made in the war changed. Before the war the Germans had demolished smaller countries such as France and Poland, meaning that the German people felt that losing was almost alien to them. But when the Russians kicked back against the Germans on the Eastern Front on December 5th 1941 outside of Moscow, the German retreat began. More and more soldiers fell, and the Germans were never able to recover the ground that they had lost. Due to the soldiers diminishing, letters had to be written back to rural Germany to notify those whom had relatives/friends in the war. When the letters started to come thick and fast, the German people now had a hint of doubt in their mind. I like to think of it as a seed that was planted- the plantation is from the initial invasion of the USSR, and when more and more letters and stories came back from the Russian lines the tree grew. Eventually, the doubt that was once a seed at the start of the invasion of Russia, had now fully flourished into a vast tree of doubt, showing us how the German lives had changed through doubt and anxiety that gradually built up through the invasion of Russia, from going and destroying France and Poland to being pushed back from the Russians. Some historians could say that the battle of Stalingrad had the biggest effect of the German people around 1941. I would say that it was the turning point in the entire war, as it caused the realization from the German people that they were not going to win the war. This contrasts to before the war, where, as said, the German people didn’t have many qualms about minor losses because they believed they knew they were going to win in the first pl ace. However during Stalingrad this changed; where a quarter million Germans were surrounded, field marshaled, and eventually forced to surrender- this continued on to 1942 where the German soldiers were freezing, and running low on ammunition. The news of this was tried to be kept ‘under wraps’ by some of the hierarchy in the German army, as it would prove low for morale. However the word spread through the press and a flurry of letters of death being sent home. This fully confirmed to the German citizens that the Germans were now on the ‘back foot’ changing their lives, as they now had to be preparing for a loss, instead of a victory. Although it is not directly coherent to the invasion of the USSR, it could be said that the bombings that partly came about from the invasion of Russia changed the lifestyles and actions of the German people. Before the bombings, William L Shirer reported â€Å"The atmosphere was so peaceful and calm. The bathing beach at Wannsee jammed with thousands. Hundreds of sailboats and canoes on the Havel. Families picnicking under the trees† this tells us that the German people were once not bothered as much by the war, and it continued to be ‘business as usual’ for the German citizens. I can contrast this when the bombings continued to develop on 16th and 17th of January 1943. The German people were now saying that the â€Å"English are clearly superior in the air, and that the German Luftwaffe is ‘impotent’ at the moment and has no possibility of retaliating appropriately† I think that this is a perfect example of the change from the Germans being confident and carrying on with their ‘normal day’ to then beginning to doubt the German superiority in the war, showing us how much their attitude has changed from pride to dread in a matter of three years. Even though the bombings weren’t as connected to the Germans invading Russia, it could be said that had not the Germans invaded Russia then the bombings may not have been present/ been less relentless.

The Profession of Registered Nursing Essay -- Nursing, healthcare, inf

The world is filled with many different types of professional people that help maintain our health status. Registered nurses are one of these important professional people that take care of the sick and maintain health all around the world and in our community. Registered nurses also work to prevent disease , to educate the public about health issues , to enhance public health , and to help support ill patients both physically and mentally. In this essay I will describe and explain what is a registered nurse, education and certification, employment, and professional activities. Registered nurses are licensed by the state in which he or she practices after completing certain training and education. The three educational paths to registered nursing are bachelor’s degree, an associate degree, and a diploma from a approved nursing program. Registered nurses are used mostly everywhere because they are present when doctors cannot assist you immediately and they can prescribe medication. Registered nurses regardless of specialty or work setting, monitor all aspects of patient care including diet and physical activities, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and family members. And most of the places they work include family practices , adult practices , women’s health , pediatrics , acute care and gerontology. Registered nurses work under pressure everyday to treat life conditions such as accidents , heart attacks and strokes. Registered nurses also take care for patients in critical condition , or illness , and they must be able to recognize life threatening problems quickly and assist a patient with care . Registered nurses may suffer from stresses and burnout caused by shift , night work ... ... S. (2011). Development Across the life span. New Jersey: Pearson Education. Haroun, J. M. (2011). INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH CARE SECOND EDITION. New York: Delmar Cengage Learning. Marieb, E. N. (2011). Human anatomy and Physiology seventh edition. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. Prabhupada, A. B. (2011). THE SCIENCE OF SELF REALIZATION. California: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, Inc. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR. (2011, March 5). Retrieved March 5, 2011, from BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS: www.bls.gov Whitney, E. (2011). UNDERSTANDING NUTRITION. Ohio: Cengage Learning. Education-portal. (2010). Private Universities in Florida. Retrieved from: http://education-portal.com/private_universities_in_florida.html eHow. (2010). Catholic Hospice, Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.ehow.com/about 5098909 florida-rn-license-requirements.html